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Influence of sigle nucleotide mutations on influenza pathogenicity
Nitkulincová, Lucie ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Influenza virus caused several times the global concerns about the emergence of pandemics, in recent years. The most serious problem, in the fight against this virus, is its ability to quickly change its unusually antigenic specificity by reassortment and point mutations, especially in surface glycoproteins - haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. In this thesis I focused on point mutations in the hemagglutinin of influenza virus causing change in binding preference, which enables both influenza virus transmission between different hosts and unlimited proliferation in their tissues. The permanent change in amino acid sequence and thus the surface of hemagglutinin also largely prevents the host's immune system to destroy the virus efficiently and quickly enough to recognize when another infection. Each of the haemagglutinin subtypes has a different amino acid positions affecting its binding preference. Their summary is included in this thesis. Key words: influenza, single nucleotide mutations, pandemia, patoghenicity, hemagglutinin
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Influence of sigle nucleotide mutations on influenza pathogenicity
Nitkulincová, Lucie ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Influenza virus caused several times the global concerns about the emergence of pandemics, in recent years. The most serious problem, in the fight against this virus, is its ability to quickly change its unusually antigenic specificity by reassortment and point mutations, especially in surface glycoproteins - haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. In this thesis I focused on point mutations in the hemagglutinin of influenza virus causing change in binding preference, which enables both influenza virus transmission between different hosts and unlimited proliferation in their tissues. The permanent change in amino acid sequence and thus the surface of hemagglutinin also largely prevents the host's immune system to destroy the virus efficiently and quickly enough to recognize when another infection. Each of the haemagglutinin subtypes has a different amino acid positions affecting its binding preference. Their summary is included in this thesis. Key words: influenza, single nucleotide mutations, pandemia, patoghenicity, hemagglutinin
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Senzory pro ptačí chřipku
Krejčová, Ludmila
Mutation rate of influenza viruses is up to a hundred times higher, when compared to other viruses. Thanks to the speed of mutational changes, influenza is considered as the strongest member of the group of potential pandemics agents. In order to prevent the occurrence and spread of pandemic, which could have impact on worldwide population, we need methods for rapid detection of each subtype of influenza viruses. One of the most progressive way of detection of biomolecules are electrochemical sensors and biosensors. The aim of the thesis was to design sensors and biosensors for influenza virus detection, especially avian influenza H5N1, that are based on the isolation of two different parts of influenza virion using paramagnetic particles, coupled with subsequent electrochemical detection of isolated target molecules. We designed and optimized methods for isolation and detection of influenza antigen (hemagglutinin) and influenza nucleic acid (DNA oligonucleotide derived from genomic RNA of influenza). In both cases, quantum dots (QDs) were used as the label of target molecules for electrochemical detection. Two fast, sensitive and low-cost method for isolation and electrochemical detection by square-wave voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were applied.
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